Saint Stephen, the First Martyr
September 2, December 26

d. circa 35

Taken From THE LITURGICAL YEAR, Dom Guéranger OSB, Book II
LORETO PUBLISHING 

ST. PETER DAMIAN thus begins his Sermon for this Feast:

'We are holding in our arms the Son of the Virgin, and are honouring with our caresses this our Infant God. The holy Virgin has led us to the dear Crib. The most beautiful of the Daughters of men has brought us to the most beautiful among the Sons of men, [Ps. xliv 3] and the Blessed among women to Him that is Blessed above all. She tells us . . . that now the veils of prophecy are drawn aside, and the counsel of God is accomplished.  . . . Is there anything capable of distracting us from this sweet Birth? On what else shall we fix our eyes? . . . Lo! whilst Jesus is permitting us thus to caress Him; whilst He is overwhelming us with the greatness of these mysteries, and our hearts are riveted in admiration; there comes before us Stephen, full of grace and fortitude, doing great wonders and signs among the people. [Acts vi 8] Is it right that we turn from our King to look on Stephen, His soldier? No; unless the King Himself bid us do so. This our King, Who is Son of the King, rises . . . to assist at the glorious combat of His servant.  . . . Let us go with Him, and contemplate this standard-bearer of the Martyrs.'

The Church gives us, in today's Office, this opening of a Sermon of St. Fulgentius for the Feast of St. Stephen:

 'Yesterday we celebrated the temporal Birth of our eternal King: today we celebrate the triumphant passion of His Soldier. Yesterday our King, having put on the garb of our flesh, came from the sanctuary of His Mother's virginal womb, and mercifully visited the earth: today His Soldier, quitting his earthly tabernacle, entered triumphantly into Heaven. Jesus, whilst still continuing to be the eternal God, assumed to Himself the lowly raiment of flesh, and entered the battle-field of this world: Stephen, laying aside the perishable garment of the body, ascended to the palace of Heaven, there to reign for ever. Jesus descended veiled in our flesh: Stephen ascended wreathed with a Martyr's laurels. Stephen ascended to Heaven amidst the shower of stones, because Jesus had descended on earth midst the singing of Angels. Yesterday the holy Angels exultantly sang, Glory be to God in the highest; today they joyously received Stephen into their company.  . . . Yesterday Jesus was wrapped, for our sakes, in swaddling-clothes: today Stephen was clothed with the robe of immortal glory. Yesterday a narrow crib contained the Infant Jesus: today the immensity of the heavenly court received the triumphant Stephen.'

Thus does the sacred Liturgy blend the joy of our Lord's Nativity with the gladness she feels at the triumph of the first of her Martyrs. Nor will Stephen be the only one admitted to share the honours of this glorious Octave. After him we shall have John, the Beloved Disciple; the Innocents of Bethlehem; Thomas, the Martyr of the Liberties of the Church . . . But, the place of honour amidst all who stand round the Crib of the new-born King belongs to Stephen, the Protomartyr! who, as the Church sings of him, was 'the first to pay back to the Saviour the death suffered by the Saviour.' It was just that this honour should be shown to Martyrdom; for Martyrdom is the creature's testimony and return to his Creator for all the favours bestowed on him: it is Man testifying, even by shedding his blood, to the truths which God has revealed to the world.

In order to understand this, let us consider what is the plan of God in the salvation He has given to man. The Son of God is sent to instruct mankind; He sows the seed of His Divine word; and His works give testimony to His Divinity. But after His sacrifice on the Cross, He again ascends to the right hand of His Father; so that His Own testimony of Himself has need of a second testimony, in order to be received by them that have neither seen nor heard Jesus Himself. Now it is the Martyrs who are to provide this second testimony; and this they will do not only by confessing Jesus with their lips, but by shedding their blood for Him. The Church, then, is to be founded by the Word and the Blood of Jesus, the Son of God; but she will be upheld, she will continue throughout all ages, she will triumph over all obstacles by the blood of her Martyrs, the members of Christ: this their blood will mingle with that of their Divine Head, and their sacrifice be united to His.

The Martyrs shall bear the closest resemblance to their Lord and King. They shall be, as He said, like lambs among wolves. [St. Luke x 3] The world shall be strong, and they shall be weak and defenseless: so much the grander will be the victory of the Martyrs, and the greater the glory of God Who gives them to conquer. The Apostle tells us that Christ crucified is the power and the wisdom of God; [1 Cor. i 24] the Martyrs, immolated, and yet conquerors of the world, will prove, with a testimony which even the world itself will understand, that the Christ Whom they confessed, and Who gave them constancy and victory, is in very deed the power and the wisdom of God. We repeat, then: it is just that the Martyrs should share in all the triumphs of the Man-God, and that the liturgical Cycle should glorify them as does the Church herself, who puts their sacred Relics in her altar-stones; for thus the Sacrifice of their glorified Lord and Head is never celebrated without they themselves being offered together with Him in the unity of is mystical Body.

Now the glorious Martyr-band of Christ is headed by St. Stephen. His name signifies the Crowned; a  conqueror such as he could not be better named. He marshals, in the name of Christ, the white-robed army, as the Church calls the Martyrs; for he was the first, even before the Apostles themselves, to receive the summons, and right nobly did he answer it. Stephen courageously bore witness, in the presence of the Jewish Synagogue, to the Divinity of Jesus of Nazareth; by thus proclaiming the Truth, he offended the ears of the unbelievers; the enemies of God became the enemies of Stephen, and rushing upon him, they stoned him to death. Amidst the pelting of the blood-drawing missiles, he, like a true soldier, flinches not, but stands (as St. Gregory of Nyssa so beautifully describes it) as though snowflakes were falling on him, or roses were covering him with the shower of their kisses. Through the cloud of stones he sees the glory of God: Jesus, for Whom he was laying down his life, showed himself to His Martyr, and the Martyr again rendered testimony to the Divinity of Emmanuel, but with all the energy of a last act of love. Then, to make his sacrifice complete, he imitates his Divine Master, and prays for his executioners: falling on his knees, he begs that this sin be not laid to their charge. Thus, all is consummated: the glorious type of Martyrdom is created and shown to the world, that it may be imitated by every generation to the end of time, until the number of the Martyrs of Christ shall be filled up. Stephen sleeps in the Lord, and is buried in peace------in pace------until his sacred Tomb shall be discovered, and his glory be celebrated a second time in the whole Church, by that anticipated Resurrection of the miraculous Finding of his Relics.

Stephen, then, deserves to stand near the Crib of his King as leader of those brave champions, the Martyrs, who died for the Divinity of that Babe Whom we adore. Let us join the Church in praying to our Saint, that he help us to come to our Sovereign Lord, now lying on His humble throne in Bethlehem. Let us ask him to initiate us into the mystery of that Divine Infancy, which we are all bound to know and imitate. It was from the simplicity he had learned from that Mystery that he heeded not the number of the enemies he had to fight against, nor trembled at their angry passion, nor winced under their blows, nor hid from them the Truth and their crimes, nor forgot to pardon them and pray for them. What a faithful imitator of the Babe of Bethlehem! Our Jesus did not send His Angels to chastise those unhappy Bethlehemites who refused a shelter to the Virgin-Mother, who in a few hours was to give birth to Him, the Son of David. He stays not the fury of Herod, who plots his Death; but meekly flees into Egypt, like some helpless bondsman, escaping the threats of a tyrant lordling. But it is under such apparent weakness as this that he will show His Divinity to men, and He the Infant-God prove Himself the Strong God. Herod will pass away; so will his tyranny; Jesus will live, greater in His Crib, where He makes a King tremble, than, under His borrowed majesty, is this prince-tributary of Rome; nay, than Caesar Augustus himself, whose world-wide empire has no other destiny than this------to serve as handmaid to the Church, which is to be founded by this Babe, Whose name stands humbly written in the official registry of Bethlehem.

With [the] praises which the venerable ages of old offered to thee, O Prince and First of Martyrs! we presume to unite ours. Fervently do we congratulate thee that thou hast had assigned thee by the Church the place of honour at the Crib of our Jesus. How glorious the confession thou didst make of His Divinity whilst thy executioners were stoning thee! How rich and bright the scarlet thou art clad in for thy victory! How honourable the wounds thou didst receive for Christ! How immense and yet how choice that army of Martyrs which follows thee as its leader, and to which fresh recruits will for ever be added, to the end of time.

Holy Martyr! help us by thy prayers to enter into the spirit of the mystery of the Word made Flesh, now that we are celebrating the Birth of our Saviour. Thou art the faithful guardsman of his Crib: who could better lead us to the Divine Babe that lies there? Thou didst bear testimony to His Divinity and Humanity; thou didst preach this Man-God before the blaspheming Synagogue. In vain did the Jews stop their ears; they could not stifle thy voice, which charged them with deicide, in that they had put to death Him Who is at once the Son of Mary and the Son of God. Show this Redeemer to us also, not, indeed, standing in glory at the right hand of His Father, but the sweet and humble Babe, as He now manifests Himself to the world into which He has just been born, wrapped in swaddling-clothes, and laid in a manger. We too wish to bear witness to Him, and to tell how His Birth is one of love and mercy; we wish to show by our lives that He has been born in our hearts. Obtain for us that devotedness to the Divine Infant which gave thee such courage on the day of trial: we shall have devotedness if, like thee, we are simple-hearted and fearless in our love of Jesus; for love is stronger than death. May we never forget that every Christian ought to be ready for Martyrdom simply because he is a Christian. May the life of Christ, which has again begun within us, so grow within us, by our fidelity and our conduct, that we may come, as the Apostle expresses it, to the fullness of Christ. [Eph. iv 13]

But be mindful, O glorious Martyr! be mindful of the Holy Church in those countries where it is the will of God that she resist even unto blood. May the number of thy fellow-Martyrs be thus filled up, and let not one of the combatants grow faint-hearted. May every age and sex be staunch; that so the testimony may be perfect, and the Church, even in her old age, win immortal laurels and crowns, as in the freshness of her infancy, when she had such a champion as thyself. But pray too that the blood of these Martyrs may be fruitful, as it was in times past; pray that it be not wasted, but become the seed of abundant harvests. May infidelity lose ground, and heresy cease to canker those noble hearts who, once in the Truth, would be the glory and consolation of the Church. Our own dear Land has had her Martyrs, who in the hope that God would avenge their blood by restoring her to the Faith, gladly suffered and died: oh! Prince of Martyrs! pray that this their hope may be speedily fulfilled.

We must not end this second day of the Christmas Octave without visiting the Stable of Bethlehem, and adoring the Divine Son of Mary. Two days have scarce elapsed since His Blessed Mother placed Him in His humble Crib; but these two days are of more value for the salvation of the world than the four thousand years which preceded the Birth of this Babe. The work of our Redemption has made a great step; the cries and tears of the New-Born Child have begun the atonement of our sins. On this Feast of the First Martyr, let us consider how the cheeks of the Infant Jesus are moistened with tears, and how these tears are the first expression of his sufferings. 'Jesus weeps,' say St. Bernard, 'but not like other children, certainly not for the same cause as other children . . . They weep from passion; He from compassion. They weep because they are galled by the yoke that sits heavy on all the children of Adam; Jesus weeps because He sees the sins of the children of Adam,' (Third Sermon for the Nativity.) Oh! how dear to us ought to be these tears of a God Who has made Himself our Brother! Had we not sinned, God would not have wept. Ought not we too to weep over sin, which thus saddens, by the sufferings it causes to our sweet Infant Jesus, the heavenly joy of His Birth among us? Mary also sees these tears, and her maternal heart is pained. She feels that her Child is to be the Man of Sorrows; and, before many days are over, the same awful truth will be told her in prophecy. With the consolation she offers to her Babe let us unite ours, by giving Him our love. It is the one thing He seeks by all the humiliations He has taken upon Himself. It is to gain our love that He has come down from Heaven, and been born among us in the midst of the mysteries we are now celebrating. Let us love Him, therefore, with all our love, and ask our Lady to present Him our humble offering. The Psalmist has said: The Lord is great, and exceedingly to be praised: let us add, with St. Bernard: The Lord is a Little Babe, and exceedingly to be loved.

December 26 is the Martyr's Novus Ordo Feast Day.
The Traditional Feast Day is September 2.